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Description

 

Key Stage 1 (KS1) Maths
Age Range: 5–7 years old
Year Groups: Year 1 and Year 2

 

Focus and Objectives:
 

At KS1, the aim is to build a strong foundation in basic mathematical concepts and numeracy skills. The curriculum focuses on developing confidence and mental fluency with whole numbers, counting, and place value.
 

1. Number and Place Value:

  • Counting forwards and backwards to at least 100.

  • Understanding the value of each digit in a two-digit number.

  • Reading and writing numbers in numerals and words.

 

2. Addition and Subtraction:

  • Performing simple addition and subtraction using concrete objects and pictorial representations.

  • Understanding and using mathematical symbols (+, -, =).

 

3. Multiplication and Division:

  • Recognizing and creating equal groups.

  • Understanding multiplication as repeated addition.

  • Learning 2, 5, and 10 times tables.

 

4. Fractions:

  • Recognizing, finding, and naming fractions such as 1/2 and 1/4.

  • Understanding fractions as equal parts of a whole.

 

5. Measurement:

  • Learning to tell the time to the hour and half-hour.

  • Understanding and using units of measure (length, mass, capacity).

  • Recognizing and using coins and notes.

 

6. Geometry:

  • Identifying common 2D shapes (e.g., squares, circles) and 3D shapes (e.g., cubes, spheres).

  • Describing position, direction, and movement, including whole, half, quarter, and three-quarter turns.

 

 

Key Stage 2 (KS2) Maths
Age Range: 7–11 years old
Year Groups: Year 3 to Year 6

 

Focus and Objectives:

 

KS2 builds on KS1 concepts, introducing more complex mathematical ideas and problem-solving techniques. The goal is to develop fluency, reasoning, and competence in various mathematical areas.

 

1. Number and Place Value:

  • Working with numbers up to at least 1,000 and then up to 10,000 and beyond.

  • Understanding place value in larger numbers and decimals.

 

2. Operations (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division):

  • Performing calculations with larger numbers using formal written methods.

  • Learning all times tables up to 12 x 12.

  • Solving multi-step word problems.

 

3. Fractions, Decimals, and Percentages:

  • Comparing and ordering fractions.

  • Adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing fractions.

  • Understanding the relationship between fractions, decimals, and percentages.

 

4. Measurement:

  • Converting between different units of measure (e.g., km to m, hours to minutes).

  • Calculating perimeter, area, and volume.

  • Solving problems involving money and time.

 

5. Geometry:

  • Identifying properties of shapes, including angles and symmetry.

  • Plotting points and interpreting coordinates on a grid.

  • Understanding translations, rotations, and reflections.

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6. Statistics:

  • Collecting, presenting, and interpreting data using charts, graphs, and tables.

  • Understanding mean, median, mode, and range (introduced in upper KS2).

 

7. Ratio and Proportion (Upper KS2):

  • Solving problems involving relative sizes of quantities.

  • Understanding and calculating scale factors.

 

8. Algebra (Introduction in Year 6):

  • Using simple formulae.

  • Solving one-step equations.

  • Understanding sequences

 

 

Key Stage 3 (KS3) Maths
Age Range: 11–14 years old
Year Groups: Year 7 to Year 9

 

Focus and Objectives:

 

KS3 prepares students for the rigors of Key Stage 4 (GCSE level), delving deeper into mathematical concepts and enhancing analytical skills.

 

1. Number:

  • Working with very large and very small numbers, including powers and roots.

  • Performing calculations with fractions, decimals, and percentages.

  • Understanding and applying concepts of standard form and rounding.

 

2. Algebra:

  • Manipulating algebraic expressions, including expanding brackets and factorization.

  • Solving linear and quadratic equations.

  • Working with inequalities and sequences.

  • Understanding functions and using graphs to represent relationships.

 

3. Ratio, Proportion, and Rates of Change:

  • Solving problems involving direct and inverse proportion.

  • Understanding and calculating rates of change.

 

4. Geometry and Measures:

  • Exploring properties of 2D and 3D shapes, including congruence and similarity.

  • Calculating area, perimeter, surface area, and volume.

  • Understanding Pythagoras' theorem and basic trigonometry.

  • Working with angles in various geometric contexts.

 

5. Probability:

  • Calculating probabilities using fractions, decimals, and percentages.

  • Understanding and using probability scales.

  • Analyzing combined events and independent events.

 

6. Statistics:

  • Collecting, representing, and interpreting data.

  • Understanding and calculating averages (mean, median, mode) and range.

  • Working with different types of charts and graphs, including histograms and scatter graphs.

 

Key Takeaways:

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  • Progressive Learning: Each Key Stage builds upon the knowledge and skills acquired in the previous one, ensuring a coherent and cumulative learning experience.

  • Core Competencies: Emphasis is placed on developing fluency in calculations, problem-solving abilities, and logical reasoning.

  • Real-world Applications: Students are taught to apply mathematical concepts to real-life situations, enhancing their understanding and relevance.

  • Transition to Advanced Topics: KS3 serves as a bridge to more advanced mathematics, introducing concepts that will be explored in greater depth at the GCSE level.

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